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5 THINGS TO REMEMBER TO AVOID CULTURAL BARRIERS IN COMMUNICATION!

Using stereotypes is often unconscious and automatic, just like the occurrence of attribution errors. Their use can also create communication barriers, so it is equally important to understand their mechanism. As is commonly known, a stereotype is a simplified cognitive representation, a ‘mental image in our heads’ (Lippmann, 1992). This means that we attribute specific traits to certain groups. Using stereotypes can affect the effectiveness of communication. It often happens that we evaluate people we talk to based on their status. We then follow learned patterns concerning specific groups. If we classify someone into a specific group, we will attribute to them the general characteristics commonly associated with the community to which they belong. This will also affect our behavior towards that person. This may result in a communication barrier and many issues being assessed incorrectly. A good example that shows how stereotypes influence judgments about other people is a study conducted by Darley and Gross in 1983. The aim of the experiment was to check how schemas concerning specific social groups affect participants’ evaluations. The participants were divided into two groups. In both, a film was presented in which a little girl played in a toy-rich environment (first group) or a toy-poor environment (second group). Then the participants were shown the same child, this time solving a cognitive test in which she made a few mistakes and marked a few correct answers (50/50). After this activity, the subjects were asked to comment on her intelligence and potential for achieving success in the future. The study similarly assessed the intelligence of the girl. In contrast, individuals from the group who saw the child playing in a wealthy environment claimed that she would achieve greater success than those from the group who were shown the girl in a poor environment. This study clearly demonstrates that participants’ judgments were influenced by the stereotype of what it means to be poor or wealthy. Moreover, the participants were unaware that any schemas were affecting their thinking. The given example shows how stereotypical thinking influences the way we evaluate others. It is important to be aware of this to avoid making hasty judgments about people and situations, which will help us avoid misunderstandings and barriers in communication. How to apply this knowledge in practice?

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HOW TO RECHARGE YOUR OWN BATTERIES AND PREPARE FOR A DIFFICULT CONVERSATION WHILE RESOLVING A CONFLICT AT WORK?

Resolving conflicts in the team often means stress, emotions, tensions, and doubts for managers – both before approaching the conversation and after it ends. Difficult conversations in situations where each party feels uncomfortable are a source of stress at work and are a challenge in the emotional sphere (i.e., what to do to ensure the discussion does not end in a disaster for our relationship?) and the business sphere (what to do to avoid demotivating the employee in such a situation?) When such important issues are at stake in our conversation, it is worth approaching each other kindly and being well-prepared – especially in the context of our own emotions. Each of us has a certain sequence of actions that appear under stress. What allows us to avoid entering stress sequences is having fully charged energy reserves. From your own experience, you know that many of your reactions in such situations depend on the mood you start the conversation with. When our batteries are charged (neutral or positive state), even when we find ourselves in a difficult situation, we can handle it better in terms of both our own emotions and specific outcomes (we propose more accurate solutions). IMPORTANT: recharging batteries is building resilience to stress, which allows us to better cope with emotions. Resolving conflicts at work or having a difficult conversation, we will experience emotions – this is inevitable. The essence of recharging batteries is to build a buffer, a reserve of internal energy, which will allow us to maintain decent comfort during such a conversation.  If we catch signs of stress, we can identify what we should focus on in search of ideas for quickly recharging our batteries a day or two before a difficult conversation or meeting. Below you will find some ideas on how to feel more comfortable and have greater reflection and decision-making during such a conversation with an employee/team.

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